Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Averaged spectra of CA125 in PBS buffer.

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Averaged ATR-FTIR spectra of CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CEA and AFP. Inset shows the zoomed in region for the Amide I and Amide II regions.

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATR-FTIR Spectra of CA125 in PBS at 50 kU/mL compared to at 5 kU/mL, showing concentration dependent changes in Amide I and Amide II band intensities.

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: CA125 quantification at high concentrations (5 kU/mL - 50 kU/mL) using PLSR. a) PLSR model performance on validation set. b) PLSR model performance on test set.

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATR-FTIR spectra of human serum spiked with CA125 at concentrations ranging from 5 to 1000 U/mL. The 0 U/mL sample corresponds to serum alone without added CA125. The zoomed inset highlights the spectral response in the 1200-1700 cm -1 regions.

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: PLSR model regression CA125 in human serum across low and high concentration ranges. (a) Low concentration PLSR model trained to quantify CA125 between 5-50 U/mL. (b) High concentration PLSR model trained to quantify CA125 between 100-1000 U/mL.

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confusion matrices showing the performance of the classification model for CA125 concentrations. Results are displayed for the (a) validation set and (b) independent test set. CA125 levels are categorized into three groups: Low (5-20 U/mL), Medium (35-100 U/mL), and High (200-1000 U/mL).

Article Snippet: A separate CA125 preparation (catalogue no. HY-P7696, MedChemExpress), supplied as a lyophilised powder expressed in HEK293 cells, was used solely for the serum spiking experiments.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Averaged spectra of CA125 in PBS buffer.

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Averaged ATR-FTIR spectra of CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CEA and AFP. Inset shows the zoomed in region for the Amide I and Amide II regions.

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATR-FTIR Spectra of CA125 in PBS at 50 kU/mL compared to at 5 kU/mL, showing concentration dependent changes in Amide I and Amide II band intensities.

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: CA125 quantification at high concentrations (5 kU/mL - 50 kU/mL) using PLSR. a) PLSR model performance on validation set. b) PLSR model performance on test set.

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATR-FTIR spectra of human serum spiked with CA125 at concentrations ranging from 5 to 1000 U/mL. The 0 U/mL sample corresponds to serum alone without added CA125. The zoomed inset highlights the spectral response in the 1200-1700 cm -1 regions.

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: PLSR model regression CA125 in human serum across low and high concentration ranges. (a) Low concentration PLSR model trained to quantify CA125 between 5-50 U/mL. (b) High concentration PLSR model trained to quantify CA125 between 100-1000 U/mL.

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumour marker analysis using a machine learning assisted vibrational spectroscopy approach

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.27.714840

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confusion matrices showing the performance of the classification model for CA125 concentrations. Results are displayed for the (a) validation set and (b) independent test set. CA125 levels are categorized into three groups: Low (5-20 U/mL), Medium (35-100 U/mL), and High (200-1000 U/mL).

Article Snippet: For human serum-based analysis, the lyophilized CA125 (catalogue no. HY-P7696) from MedChemExpress was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes, then reconstituted directly in undiluted human serum to an initial concentration of 100 μg/mL.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery